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SEQUAL framework : ウィキペディア英語版
SEQUAL framework

The SEQUAL framework is systems modelling reference model for evaluating the quality of models. The SEQUAL framework, which stands for "semiotic quality framework" is developed by John Krogstie and others since the 1990s.〔John Krogstie et al. (2006). ("Process models representing knowledge for action: a revised quality framework" ). In: ''European Journal of Information Systems'' (2006) 15, pp.91–102.〕
The SEQUAL framework is a so-called "top-down quality framework", which is based on semiotic theory, such as the works of Charles W. Morris. Building on these theory it "defines several quality aspects based on relationships between a model, a body of knowledge, a domain, a modeling language, and the activities of learning, taking action, and modeling".〔Jan Mendling et al. (2006) ("On the Correlation between Process Model Metrics and Errors" ) Conference paper.〕 Its usefulness, according to Mendling et al. (2006), was confirmed in an 2002 experiment by Moody et al.〔D.L. Moody, et al. (2002). "Evaluating the quality of process models: Empirical testing of a quality framework". In: Stefano Spaccapietra et al. (ed.) ''Conceptual Modeling - ER 2002, Proceedings, LNCS 2503'', pp. 380-396.〕
== History ==
The basic idea behind the SEQUAL framework is, that "conceptual models can be considered as sets of
statements in a language, and therefore can be evaluated in semiotic/linguistic terms". A first semiotic
framework for evaluating conceptual models was originally proposed by Lindland et al. in the 1994 article "Understanding quality in conceptual modeling".〔O.I. Lindland, G. Sindre and Arne Sølvberg (1994) "Understanding quality in conceptual modeling". In: ''IEEE Software'' 11(2), 42–49.〕 In its initial version, it considered three quality levels:
* syntactic,
* semantic, and
* pragmatic quality
The framework was later extended, and called the SEQUAL framework by Krogstie et al. in the 1995 article "Defining quality aspects for conceptual models".〔KROGSTIE J, LINDLAND OI and SINDRE G (1995) "Defining quality aspects for conceptual models". In: ''Proceedings of the IFIP8.1 Working Conference on Information Systems Concepts (ISCO3): Towards a Consolidation of Views, 28–30 March, Marburg, Germany'' (FALKENBERG E, HESS W and OLIVE E, Eds), Chapman & Hall: London, UK.〕 in the 2002 article "Quality of interactive models"〔KROGSTIE J and JøRGENSEN HD (2002) "Quality of interactive models". In: ''First International Workshop on Conceptual Modelling Quality (IWCMQ’02), 11 October 2002''. (OLIVE A, YOSHIKAWA M and YU E, Eds), Springer Verlag: Berlin, Germany.〕 Krogstie & Jørgensen extended the initial framework adding
more levels of Stamper’s semiotic ladder.〔STAMPER R (1996) "Signs, norms, and information systems". In: ''Signs at Work''. B. Holmqvist et al. (Eds). Walter de Gruyter: Berlin, Germany. pp 349–397.〕

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